Major Idea of Teaching Mathematics

After perusing the structure, it is clear that the significant thought of training arithmetic in California state funded schools spins around the advancement of a decent instructional program that not just gives understudies an empowering situation to get capable in fundamental computational and procedural aptitudes, yet in addition to ceaselessly create applied comprehension of the numerical ideas and become capable in issue solving.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Major Idea of Teaching Mathematics explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More As showed in the system, educators should plan to accomplish a harmony between these three ideas (capability in computational and procedural abilities, achievement of theoretical comprehension, and capability in taking care of new or bewildering issues) on the off chance that they anticipate that their understudies should be serious in science (California Department of Education, 2006). The ideas are inter related; thus instructors must endeavor to concoct approachs and methodologies to convey them to science understudies as per the principles of a specific evaluation level. As showed in the system, â€Å"when understudies apply essential computational and procedural abilities and understandings to tackle new or bewildering issues, their fundamental aptitudes are fortified, the difficult issues they experience can get standard, and their calculated comprehension deepens† (California Department of Education, 2006 p.5). Thusly, it is recommended that the significant thought of training science to understudies in California state funded schools involves associating their abilities, theoretical comprehension, and critical thinking capacity to build up a system of commonly fortifying parts in the educational program that are characteristically lined up with the norms relying upon grade level. Instances of Teaching Strategies From the system, obviously no single technique of guidance is the best or generally proper in all unique circumstances, and that instructors have a wide decision of instructional methodologies including â€Å"direct guidance, examination, homeroom conversation and drill, little gatherings, individualized arrangements, and hands-on materials (California Department of Education, 2006 p.5). As one of the ways to deal with educating, direct guidance isn't just aptitudes situated yet the showing rehearses it embraces are basically instructor directed.Advertising Looking for basic composition on training? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In showing polynomial math and capacities to review six understudies, for instance, an instructor can utilize little gathering, eye to eye guidance to exhibit to understudies how to fathom straight conditions and create arithmetical thinking at each progression of the procedure by separating the directions into little units, sequencing them intentionally, and showing them in an unequivocal way. In spite of the fact that instructors can utilize this system to guarantee that Grade six understudies can utilize their computational abilities and calculated comprehension to take care of issues in variable based math through unequivocal, guided directions, the methodology all things considered cutoff points student’s inventiveness and dynamic investigation. The other instructing procedure is examination, whereby instructors assume a functioning job in directing understudies to recognize a subject of intrigue, investigate the current information on the point, outline the theme into reasonable inquiries, accumulate fitting data, break down and blend the data, make a move on the discoveries, and think about the results found. This procedure could be utilized to instruct geometry to review six understudies as it doesn't just encourage an express comprehension of geometric ideas, including raising students’ levels of geometric reas oning, yet in addition propels understudies by introducing scientific points in a pleasant and intriguing way that challenges their scholarly turn of events. Reflection Overall, upon reflection, I have discovered that no single technique for guidance is the best or generally fitting in all circumstances, it is critical to adjust the ideas of computational and procedural aptitudes, calculated comprehension and critical thinking capacity when showing science, in arithmetic guidance, new abilities are grown solely on recently learned abilities, strategies for surveying understudies for arithmetic perception ought to be setting explicit. These learning results can be actualized, all things considered, study hall circumstances by thinking of a very much figured system that doesn't really follow a direct request to guarantee understudies profit by the arithmetic exercises educated in class, and furthermore by proactively adjusting guidance to appraisal. Reference California Department of Education. (2009). Arithmetic system for California state funded schools: Kindergarten through evaluation twelve. Recovered from https://www.cde.ca.gov/Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Major Idea of Teaching Mathematics explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This basic composition on Major Idea of Teaching Mathematics was composed and put together by client Teagan Cantrell to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Ace Cable Free Essays

Information Collection †Ace Cable RES 351 Data Collection †Ace Cable As expressed in the week two, Ace Cable is a built up organization that offers digital TV, phone and internet providers to its clients. These administrations are accessible to clients over the United States and they have been doing business since 2000. As of late, the opposition has become and Ace Cable is encountering a decline in client enlistments. We will compose a custom paper test on Expert Cable or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Clients currently have numerous choices to consider before enlisting into an understanding and Ace Cable is directing exploration to convince more individuals to join up with the organization. The examination included characterizing the populace from which the examples were gathered. With regards to the populace and the various examples gathered, the principle objective is to concentrate on clients and offer remarkable types of assistance by leading client meetings, and reviews including bunch meetings all things considered. There are a few techniques that have occurred concerning gathering tests. The individual meetings we have gathered were tests by applying studies, from up close and personal meetings, in-store criticism, and phone overviews. These overviews and meetings are led consistently. These studies are occurring so as to better our business with regards to Ace link. People are finishing overviews by voicing their conclusions with regards to the administrations and the channels that are chosen. By having these studies and meetings set up, we are getting the best criticism on what sort of administrations they are anticipating and what should be improved. As to amass interviews, tests are being gathered by studies that are directed at the hour of the meetings. The reviews tests that are gathered arrangements with desires, criticism, and improved assistance. By having these various results occurring, we can gather enough examples through meeting and studies bring an extraordinary link organization. Following stage is to decide the suitability of the example size. In exploring ACE Cable we had the option to think that its powerful in our techniques for examining just as fitting for the example size. Since ACE Cable is a notable organization that goes all finished, we thought that it was key that something other than territory inspecting (the most significant type of group testing) was utilized in the exploration. As referenced before, ethods, for example, interviews, reviews, up close and personal contact, phone studies, and in-store input all assumed a crucial job by they way it was made conceivable to connect on a wide system of clients and gather information. Through every individual store and worker of ACE link at various areas covering the entirety of the company’s populace, criticism is being taken to guarantee information is all being gathered for better utilization of the business’ viability. With likelihood examining the information of ACE Cable had the option to be increasingly definite and decisively looked into for its huge scope. Wellsprings of predisposition or mistakes are conceivable when testing. Legitimacy is how much the analytical objectives are estimated precisely, and how much the exploration genuinely quantifies what it planned to quantify. Another estimation instrument is dependability, which estimates consistency. Unwavering quality alludes to the degree to which the examination measure is a steady and reliable pointer of the examination. On the off chance that the estimating method gives similar outcomes once the estimation is rehashed the precision of the estimation is high (Suresh, 2011) Selection inclinations are instigated by testing structure. The example bunch must be a genuine portrayal of the populace without mistakes. It is imperative to choose how you select a suitable setting and test to lead the investigation so as to keep away from mistakes. Information assortment happens in the wake of testing. Perception approach, insightful inquiries, correspondence approach, and addressing approach are only a couple of information assortment techniques used to gather information. Perception approach look into is gathered information through watching, recording, and examination of watched conduct as it happens in a characteristic setting. Analytical Questions are explicit inquiries that the specialists pose to give adequate subtleties and answers to look into questions. Correspondence Approach look into is gathered of information through mass correspondence, media or discourse. That sort of information includes looking over or talking with individuals and recording their reactions or examination. Addressing approach inquire about is better known a reviewing. Study is the procedure of information gathered through meetings, polls, the phone, mail, a PC, email, or the Internet (Cooper, 2011). The looks into concluded overviews would be the most ideal approach to decide why Ace Cable enlistment diminished and studies developed in an organization that dispenses with any moral concerns. The information assortment has no moral concerns. All overviews contain the protection demonstration proclamation. All studies clarify study advantages and all participants’ answers stay secret. The reviews are sent over the United States and overviews are in the client entryway. As of now, the scientists won't transmit email reviews. It’s best to decide customers’ reactions by means of mail and in-house first before stretching out if there is an absence of interest. Cooper, D. . (2011). Business examine strategies. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Suresh, K. T. (2011). Plan, information investigation and testing techiques for clinical research. Recovered July 25, 2012, from RES 351. The most effective method to refer to Ace Cable, Essay models

A Seperate Peace Short Essay Essay Example

A Seperate Peace Short Essay Example A Seperate Peace Short Essay A Seperate Peace Short Essay All through the novel A Separate Peace by John Knowles the principle character, Gene Forester, who is additionally the storyteller, finds who he is as an individual. He has gotten a full grown-up before the finish of the book, as connected to his puberty in the start of the novel. He makes these disclosures through the occasions that occur during his time at Devon. Three places that show the advancement of Gene’s development are when Gene visits Finny in Boston, when he didn’t surrender to Finny’s dream of the war and when Gene at long last acknowledges that he assumed a job in Phineas’ demise. These occasions cause Gene to develop enormously. Gene’s expanded development is first demonstrated when he is coming back to Devon after break and stops in Boston to visit Finny. The blame of what Gene had done frequented him during the entire break. Quality admits to intentionally bumping the appendage of the tree. When Finny becomes passionate Gene acknowledges, â€Å" †¦I was harming him again†¦ this could be a significantly more profound physical issue than I had done previously. † Gene thinks he is upsetting Finny’s perspective on the world. He is demolishing the perspective on virtue and great Finny had. Gene’s acknowledgment shows that he has developed and sees what he is doing to Finny. When Finny comes back to Devon he will not accept that there is a war. He makes a dream of what is truly going on. Quality has consistently been maneuvered into Finny’s dreams about the world however he has figured out how to keep himself in all actuality. Quality says, â€Å"For a second I was nearly taken in by it. At that point my eyes fell on the bound and cast white mass pointing at me†¦ it brought me down out of Finny’s universe of invention†¦ down to the real world, to the realities. Quality is no longer sucked into Finny’s perspectives on the world. He can take himself back to the real factors of the world. Gene’s development keeps on developing all through the novel and he arrives at his greatest purpose of development upon the demise of his closest companion, Finny. Quality acknowledges that he assumed a job in Phineas’ demise. He unders tands that his desire turned crazy and he had been furious about a non-existent competition. At long last he stated, â€Å"†¦this foe who assaulted never assaulted that way †on the off chance that he at any point assaulted by any stretch of the imagination; in the event that he was in fact the adversary. At the point when he says this it shows that he perceives that Finny never despised him. In any case, since Gene made up this contention he in the long run had a section in Finny’s downfall. Quality goes on an excursion of self-revelation all through the novel A Separate Peace by John Knowles. Gene’s development develops colossally yet particularly when Gene visits Finny in Boston, when he didn’t surrender to Finny’s dream of the war and when Gene at last acknowledges that he assumed a job in Phineas’ demise. These occasions cause Gene to develop extraordinarily.

Afghan Culture and The Kite Runner - Literature Essay Samples

Afghanistan translates to â€Å"Land of the Afghans† and is a nation with a strong culture, including diverse subcultures and Islamic traditions. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is the story of a young boy, Amir. He lives in an affluent neighborhood in Kabul with his father, Baba. His best friend, Hassan, is their servant. The book follows Amir’s life, showing the problems that arise due to guilt over his turbulent past. The Kite Runner takes place predominantly in Afghanistan, but scenes in America highlight the Afghan-American community. The book explores many aspects of Afghan culture, a strong part of Hosseini’s background, which influences his writing. This includes Arabic dialogue, but also the actual storyline and character development. Afghan culture is the driving force behind the plot and character’s decisions in The Kite Runner. Kite fighting is a characteristic of Afghan culture that affects relationships in the novel. Honor, another centerp iece of Afghan culture, influences the decisions of the book’s characters. Finally, ethnic tensions and discrimination within the Afghan culture against Hazara people cause problems for Hassan and Ali but also Baba’s internal strife over his Hazara son. Kite fighting is a key cultural element of The Kite Runner that temporarily yet drastically improves the relationship between Amir and his father, Baba. In Kabul, schools close in the winter and the boys fly kites in their spare time. Using strings coated in glass, kites fly high trying to cut each other. The highlight of this cultural tradition is the kite fighting tournament, and the last kite captured is an honorary trophy. Amir seeks to win this tournament in hopes of earning the respect of his father, who views him as overly passive and defenseless. Before the tournament, Baba says in private that Amir â€Å"needs someone who understands him, because god knows I don’t. But something about Amir troubles me in a way I can’t express. It’s like†¦ If I hadn’t seen the doctor pull him out of my wife with my own eyes, I’d never believe he was my son† (Hosseini 23). This tense father-son relationship is an ongoing plight of Amir’s, b ut it sees a temporary yet drastic improvement after Amir wins the tournament. Kite fighting is aggressive, merciless, and the winners gain a triumphant, honorable reputation; thus, this important cultural event helps Amir win Baba’s favor. Amir says that winning the competition was â€Å"the single greatest moment of my twelve years of life, seeing Baba on that roof, proud of me at last† (66). The next part of the tournament, running for the kites, is also important. Hassan runs the final blue kite for Amir, which Amir describes as his â€Å"key to Baba’s heart† (71). For a brief period of time following Amir’s triumphant win, Baba starts spending more time with Amir. As result of this cultural event, Amir’s relationship with his father has a temporary improvement. Kite fighting ends up destroying the friendship between Hassan and Amir. Amir asks Hassan to run for the blue kite to keep as a trophy. Hassan smiles as departs, saying, â€Å"For you, a thousand times over!† (67). Amir foreshadows that the next time he will ever see â€Å"him smile unabashedly like that was twenty six years later, in a faded polaroid photograph† (67). Only a short while later, Amir finds Hassan cornered by Assef and two others, who demand the kite. Hassan stands his ground, but Assef then beats him and rapes him for refusing to give up the kite. Amir watches from an alleyway, debating his options, saying he had â€Å"One final opportunity to decide who I was going to be† (77). Amir chooses to run away instead of helping Hassan, a decision that will haunt him for his entire life and sparks a chain of events that completely disrupts all the characters’ way of life. Amir knows the real reason wasn’t fear, admitting, â€Å"Maybe Hassa n was the price I had to pay, the lamb I had to slaughter, to win Baba† (77). This again reverts back to the cultural importance of kite fighting and kite running as honorable, aggressive activities that Amir can use to win Baba’s approval. Winning the tournament was only half the battle, so Amir chose to get his opponent’s kite and winning Baba over rather than saving his best friend from a horrific rape. Amir is unable to live with the guilt, so he loses his friendship with Hassan and ultimately frames Hassan for stealing, forcing Ali, Hassan’s father, and Hassan to leave and never be seen again by Amir. This tension with Hassan, in turn, ruins Amir’s relationship with Baba once again. Kite fighting is an important cultural aspect of the book that Amir uses to win Baba’s favor but ultimately ruins all of his relationships. The importance of honor in Afghan culture influences the decisions of Amir and Baba. Honor is a fundamental value among Afghans that has transcended generations, including that of the characters in The Kite Runner. Baba shows a devotion to his honor, which comes hand-in-hand with his dignity and public perception. He does this in small ways, such as returning government-issued food stamps once in America, which Amir says â€Å"alleviated one of his greatest fears, that an Afghan would see him buying food with charity money† (131). The book clearly shows that Afghan-Americans don’t stray far from their cultural roots, including a sense of honor. Honor plays a much more significant role in the plot; Amir inflicted injury upon Hassan, and subsequently his own livelihood, without the knowledge that Hassan was his half-brother. Baba had to shield the fact that he fathered Hassan because having an extramarital affair is considered dishonorable in Afghan culture, as well as a violation of Islamic principles. Even Baba says theft is the only sin, including stealing a man’s wife, yet he does just that. Years later, Rahim Khan reflects on this by saying â€Å"It was a shameful situation. People would talk. All that a man had back then, all that he was, was his honor, his name†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (223). Baba did not want to ruin his family name, nor lose his honored status in Kabul, by admitting he had an affair or illegitimate son. The importance of honor in Afghan culture is also emphasized in the entire process of Amir courting Soraya, the daughter of General Taheri. Honor manifests particularly in relationships between families. Soraya’s background story involves her running away to be with a man. She believes it is unfair that she makes a single mistake and â€Å"everyone is talking nang [honor] and namoos [pride]† (164). Soraya feels she has dishonored her family, and she even asks Amir if he wants to go through with the marriage after hearing her story. He admits that his pride, his â€Å"iftikhar† (165), was hurt by this. Amir, just like his father, holds honor in high esteem. Baba warns Amir to be careful when courting Soraya because General Taheri â€Å"is a Pashtun to the root. He has nang and namoos† (145). General Taheri obviously finds honor tremendously important as well, and he demonstrates this by warning Amir not to speak to Soraya in public. Eventually, when Amir wa nts to marry, he asks Baba to â€Å"go khastegari†¦ ask General Taheri for his daughter’s hand† (161) which he stated earlier was the â€Å"honorable thing† (147). Until the wedding, Soraya and Amir never even went out alone, and the only reason they skipped the engagement period was because of Baba’s declining health. Their marriage was also a traditional Afghan wedding with rituals like the Ayena Masshaf, when the bride and groom admire each other in the mirror. Honor, a centerpiece of Afghan culture, evidently guides the decisions of all the Afghan characters in The Kite Runner. Discrimination against Hazara people by the Pashtuns causes difficulties for Ali and Hassan. Hazaras are a large ethnic minority in Afghanistan, and they are said to be descendants of the Mongol Genghis Khan. There are Asiatic features differentiate them from the Pashtun majority, and Hazaras are Shi’a Muslims, while Pashtuns are Sunni. Amir discusses Hassan’s ethnic differences right away, but he admits he knows little about the Hazara people except that people call them â€Å"mice-eating, flatnosed, load-carrying donkeys† (9). Assef, the antagonist of the novel, tells Hassan that â€Å"Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtuns†¦ the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here† (40). And even after his blatant insult, Hassan still refers to Assef as ‘Agha,’ a title of superiority. Amir notices this and asks himself what it must be like to live with â€Å"an ingrained sense of one’s place in a hierarchy† (40). Amir , despite being friends and living with Hassan, still has his own biases. He calls Hassan an â€Å"illiterate Hazara† (34) after Hassan identifies a plot hole in Amir’s story. Hassan and Ali are both tormented, degraded, and demeaned because of their ethnicity not only by strangers but by Amir. They are seen as inferior, and this complex attitude plays a major role in the most pivotal scene in the plot: Hassan’s rape and Amir’s inaction. Moments before raping Hassan, Assef tries to exploit Amir’s ethnic bias and the awkwardness of the arrangement between Amir and Hassan by asking, â€Å"Would he [Amir] do the same for you [Hassan]? Have you ever wondered why he never includes you in games when he has guests? Why he only plays with you when no one else is around? I’ll tell you why, Hazara. Because to him, you’re nothing but an ugly pet† (72). Later, after Amir fails to stop the rape, Amir says to himself, â€Å"He was just a Ha zara, wasn’t he?† (77). Amir justifies failing to intervene or prevent Hassan’s rape with several things. As discussed earlier, he says he was scared but admits his ulterior motive: winning Baba’s approval. In thinking deeper, though, he rationalizes his inaction by calling his best friend â€Å"just a Hazara,† something inherently inferior and therefore expendable. In the end, Hassan is Amir’s servant, but he’s also Baba’s. Moreover, and unbeknownst to the children, he is Baba’s other son. Baba’s internal strife over his illegitimate son is partly caused by the Pashtun-Hazara ethnic divide. Amir and Hassan can’t show their friendship in public. After winning the tournament, Amir and Hassan embrace one another but stop when they notice Baba motioning them to let go. Amir describes this, saying, â€Å"But he was doing something now, motioning with his hands in an urgent way. Then I understood. ‘Hassan we–‘ ‘I know,’ he said, breaking our embrace† (66). Amir and Hassan are not supposed to publicly to show affection, friendliness, or brotherhood because, in their culture, it would be inappropriate for a Hazara servant to have such a close relationship with his Pashtun master. For the same reason, Baba cannot show affection to Hassan, a Hazara, either. Nevertheless, he does so in subtle ways, such as through gestures of kindness, buying Hassan gifts, or even paying for a hair-lip surgery. The relationship between Ali and Baba also demonstrates Baba’s inability to openly accept his Hazara son. Baba describes his childhood with Ali in a warm way but never refers to Ali as a friend. Ali points out that he was the â€Å"poor laborer† to Baba’s â€Å"mischief† (25). Baba is not supposed to befriend a Hazara, let alone have a Hazara son. Baba believed the cultural and social stigma associated with having a Hazara son would ruin his reputation. Despite all this, he snaps at Amir for suggesting they get new servants, saying Hassan is their â€Å"family† and with them is â€Å"where he belongs† (90). Baba’s internal conflict, unbeknownst to Amir, is balancing fatherhood with the social stigmas of having an illegitimate, Hazara son. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini revolves around the strong Afghan culture. Social customs, religious tenants, family tradition, personal honor, and even negative elements like racism and ethnic tension are elements of Afghan culture presented in the novel. Afghan culture is the driving force behind the plot and character’s decisions in The Kite Runner, as elements of Afghan culture like kite fighting, honor, and an ethnic divide affect the relationships between characters, character’s decisions, and the entire storyline. Afghan culture is deeply rooted in the Afghani people, and, as the book demonstrates, neither political turmoil nor human exodus can strip the people of their beliefs, their culture, or their values.

Diversity And Its Impact On Diversity - 975 Words

Diversity Diversity represents the â€Å"multitude of individual differences and similarities that exist among people† (Kinicki Kreitner, 2013). It pertains to the host of individual differences that make all of us unique and different from one another. Diversity in an organization continues beyond hiring employees of numerous backgrounds, but involves embracing and empowering all minorities. Thankfully, globalization and strategic alliances have transformed business economies drastically to set up complex business environments. These environments include inter-cultural, inter-departmental, cross functional, and inter-disciplinary people working together, as a part of a large team, towards a common goal. The importance of these workgroups can be understood by the strategic role they play in determining organizational effectiveness. Workgroup diversity as a concept has caught the scholarly attention of researchers and academicians as many companies have expanded their business es to new foreign territories. For the success of these new business ventures they seek greater local participation in their workforce, with respect to the people who are well-acquainted with the culture, ethic, local languages, tastes, preferences and other features unique to these new markets. This has eventually led to the establishment of people from different communities, ethno-socio-economic-politico backgrounds, and cultures to take part equally at a common platform. The manifestation of workforceShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Diversity On Workforce Diversity Essay1993 Words   |  8 Pageson Workforce diversity is the aim of most organisations today. However, workforce diversity presents both opportunities and challenges in organisations as ideas and practices from different backgrounds combine together, sometimes causing challenges such as communication and benefits such as productivity and creativity. This essay will further analyse the opportunities and challenges that are present in today’s organisations due to workforce diversity. Understanding workforce diversity is crucialRead MoreThe Impact Of Diversity On The Workplace1609 Words   |  7 Pages3.2. Positive impacts The diversity has always been a concern for businesses and governments because the minority can feel sometimes left out and excluded for the employment sector. Therefore it has always been a priority for any government. They want to prove that they have been elected and are representing the entire population not just a group of people. Also businesses want to send a good image to their customers that they care about everyone even the minority. First of all, Kirton and GreeneRead MoreDiversity And Its Impact On Society2310 Words   |  10 Pagesincreasing education, and improving relationships between different races, in turn, decreasing racism. Diversity plays a key role in the economy of major cities. With cultural diversity comes different ideas and innovations and people with different skills that can each contribute in different ways to the community. In a research paper done by Philipp Agner and Markus Bruckner titled Cultural Diversity and Economic Growth: Evidence from the US during the Age of Mass Migration, they explore the affectsRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Cultural Diversity1394 Words   |  6 PagesNowadays, the traditional cultures are disappearing since diverse cultures play a critical role in the society. Many people have been experiencing the negative effects of the globalization process. This paper will be focused on the impact of globalization on cultural diversity. 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Exposure to diversity has a positive impact on academic achievement in many ways, through advancedRead MoreThe Impact Of Diversity On The Workplace886 Words   |  4 Pages Diversity in the workplace, in terms of gender, race, and other factors, is helpful, necessary, and even profitable, as shown by the four, black female engineers who accepted an award for the tech company Slack for TechCrunch’s â€Å"fastest rising startup.† No person’s physical identity should affect whether they get hired or not by an organization or business. In terms of getting hired, a person’s gender or race should not matter, as long as he or she has the right skills and tools for the job. InRead MoreThe Impact of Diversity on Individual Behavior1275 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of Diversity on Individual Behavior The concept of diversity has broadened in scope in the recent past, evolving from the concept of mandated quotas and affirmative action, to the reality of a diverse workforce being capable of providing quantifiable business value. A variety of external factors have influenced the conceptual evolution of diversity within the workplace. For example, globalization of markets has provided the concept of diversity with an opportunity to demonstrate a clearRead MoreDiversity Impact on Individual Behavior876 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity Impact on Individual Behavior Behavior refers to the actions or reactions of an object or organism, usually in relation to the environment. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. 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The Biggest Risk Of Data Theft Lies Within A Company s...

The biggest risk of data theft lies within a company s customers. When security breaches happen, the customer begins to question if Sunoco has looked out for their personal information and overall trust becomes an issue. Whenever someone purchases with a credit card, the customer is putting their trust in Sunoco that the information will not fall into the wrong hands. If Sunoco does not handle the situation quickly and efficiently after it occurrs, panic ensues by current and potential customers. Credit cards are a huge portion of sales today. According to Javelin Strategy Research, â€Å"plastic cards purchases comprised 66 percent of all in-person sales, with nearly half of them, or 31 percent, made with debit cards. Last year shoppers used credit cards for 29 percent of point-of-sale purchases; it is expected that the numbers will rise to 33 percent by 2017† (New, 2012, para. 5). That leaves potential for a significant loss in sales and annual earnings. With the increase o f credit and debt card usage, Sunoco needs to take the necessary action to ensure that data theft does not occur again for their customers. In order for Sunoco to avoid the consequences and risks of a data breach, security systems must be updated on a frequent basis and implemented when they become available. Heavier monitoring of the Point of Sale system (POS) that the customers have available at the gas pump should also be implemented. After the Target credit card breach, the Department of Homeland ofShow MoreRelatedUnethical Computer Issues1912 Words   |  8 Pagesdo everything from work related projects to managing financial transactions and accounts online. While technology has made our lives more convenient than ever before, cyber crime, in various forms, has become one of our biggest concerns. It is a crime to misuse another person s whether personal or financial information, without their consent, for fraudulent activities. 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IT Professionals IT Security Ethical Hacking

Question: Discribe about the IT Professionals,IT Security Ethical Hacking ? Answer: Executive Summary: Penetration testing is the name given to Ethical hacking it is a superior, unpleasant form of testing the security designed to give the analysis of technical in deep of the environments target vulnerability to utilization and attack. An ethical hacking goes away from risk assessment as basic and techniques which are automated and also relies on the professional of skilled security. An ethical hacking will test the target which might comprise anything from the web or applications of client-server to components which are based on infrastructure to hosting the environments. In this assignment we have provided some of the frequent faced problems in this scenario and from those I have elaborated 2 of them which will be faced very frequently and out of those 6 issues I have illustrated 2 of them in depth and provided the solutions for them. After reviewing the packet below are the errors which we got from error packets, the 6 problems which were faced on this case study: 1. Dos Attack: The Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) which will attack is an effort which will make the unavailable of online service by just overwhelming with the traffic from numerous sources.2. Ping of Death: The command of ping is typically used which will test availability of the resources of network. It will works by just sending data packets which are small to the resources of network.3. Smurf: This attack will use huge quantities of the traffic of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) to ping which is target at an Address of Internet Broadcast.4. Buffer Overflow: Buffer is the storage location which is temporal in RAM which will be used for holding data so that CPU can influence before it will write that back to disc. Buffers have the limit on size.5. Teardrop: This attack will use huge packets of data. TCP/IP will break them into the fragments which are assembled on receiving host.6. SYN attack: Synchronize is the short form as SYN. In this attack it will take advantag e of three-way handshake which will set up the communication using the TCP.7. Whitelisting Application: Whitelisting Application is the practical technique of security where only the incomplete set of accepted programs which are permissible to run, whilst all other programs (adding mainly malware) are blocked from organization by default. In difference, the policy of standard imposed by mainly systems of operating which permits all users to run and download any program which was decides. Whitelisting Application facilitates only administrators, not users, to choose which programs will be permitted to run. And below we have discussed broadly on Dos attack and Ping of death with the solutions. (It, 2014) Problems faced in the scenario: 1. Dos attack: In this attack there is a target on vast variety of resources which are important, from websites based on news to banks, and the main challenge is to make sure to the people so that they can access the information which is important and can publish it. This refutation of attacks to service is known as distributed because they arrive from so many computers at one place and at once. DoSer controls the computers of huge number which can be infected by the Trojan virus. This virus is the small application which will allow capabilities of remote control-and-command of computer without knowledge of users. The computers which are infected by virus are known as zombies because they will perform whatever commands of DoSer ask them to perform. Botnet or robot network was known for a huge group of computers which are affected by zombie. It can happen that the computer which you are using can be affected by botnet and you are not aware of it. This is because there will be no difference in your computer which can be noticed, the only difference is sometimes you will find your computer will not be as quick as before it was. This is because sometime it is busy in participating in the attack of Dos when you are using your computer. Alternatively, you can catch this virus when your ISP (internet service provider) will drop the services which are provided to your affected computer as the computer start sending an unusually huge numbers of requests based on network. 2. Ping of Death Ping of death sends the packets of data above its maximum limit (i.e 65,536 bytes) that was allowable by TCP/IP. Fragmentation of TCP/IP will break the packets into little chunks that will be sent to server. Because the data packages which are sent are larger than the capacity of server handle, it will freeze, crash or reboot the server. 3. Smurf All replies which we get will be sent to victim instead of IP which are used for pings. Since the single Address of Internet Broadcast will support maximum hosts of 255, thus the attack of smurf will amplifies the single ping with 255 times. This effect will slow down the network at some point of time where it will be impossible to utilize it. 4. Buffer overflow In this attack it will load the buffer with huge data that its capacity to hold. Due to which there is an overflow of buffer and it will corrupt the data which it holds. Just for an example of a buffer overflow is sending an email with the file names which are having 256 characters. 5. Teardrop The attacker will influence the packets which will be sent so that they will overlap each other. Due to this it can cause victim which is intended to crash as it will try for packets to re-assemble. 6. SYN attack This SYN attack will work by flooding victim which will incomplete the messages of SYN. This will cause the machine of victim which allows resources to allocate memory which will never be used and it will deny access to the users which are legitimate. Although Dos attacks on application-layer are much harder to distinguish, mitigation expert of DoS in the Security Operations Center (SOC) will know what we have to look and we will be looking that always. 7. Disadvantage of Whitelist: This needs presentation overhead which will implement whitelist (fluctuates really depending on accomplishment) .It also needs standard maintenance of whitelist which will add fresh applications and it eliminate ones which are not longer approved Causes various users which will be infuriated as they cannot run and download the applications at their will. Ping of Death In this assume that Windows are used, also assume that we have at least two of the computers which are connected and will be sharing the same network. This attack of DOS is considered as illegal on the networks which was not authorized by us to perform. Thus for such exercise we have to setup our own network which we can configure. On destination computer open command prompt. Type ipconfig as command and enter. The result which you will get is similar as below: Here in this example we will be using the connection details of MobileBroadband. Note down the IP address. Note: to make this example more effective you should use LAN network. Switch to source computer which will be used for attack and then command prompt will be opened. Then victim computer will be pinged with data packets which are infinite in number of 65500. Then below command will be entered ping 10.128.131.108 t -65500 HERE, Command ping will send the packets of data to victim. Victim IP address is as 10.128.131.108 Command -t means that the packets of data will be sent until program will be stopped Command -l means that the load of data will be sent to victim Results which will be displayed will be same as shown below: Flooding the computer of target user with packets of data doesnt have more consequence on victim. In arrange for attack to be more efficient, we will attack the computer of target with more pings from various computers. We will use above attack to web servers, attacker router etc. It the effects of the attack have to be seen on destination computer, for that open task manager in computer and then view the activities of network. On task bar perform Right click Then task manager has to be selected Then click on network tab The result which you will get will be similar as shown below: If there is a successful attack, then you will be able to view activities of network will be increased. Launch the DOS attack Here in this scenario which is practical, we are using Namesy which will be used for generating the packets of data and then it will flood the computer of target user, its server or router. As mentioned above, an illegal program which is Nemesy will be detected by the anti-virus. So, for such exercise we should disable the option of anti-virus. From below link download Nemesy https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/25599/nemesy13.zip.html Run the Nemesy.exe program after unzip it. Then you will able to view the interface which is shown as below: Then target IP address will be entered, here we have used target IP address as shown as above. HERE, If number of packets will be 0 then it means as infinity. If you want to send some of the desired number of packets instead of infinity then you can set the number. Thefield of size will be specifies the sent data bytes and then the delaywill specifies the interval of time in the milliseconds. Then Click on the send button and the result which you will be able to view will be shown as below: On title bar you will be able to view the number of packets which will be sent Then you can click on the halt button so as to stop program from sending packets of data. Task manager of the computer for target user can be monitored to view the activities of network. Solution for these issues: Vulnerability will be known. We will get a lesson from DDos and its hacktivist group which is sister of Lulzsec use will be that some site which will be used is at high risk. The sector of finance, which will not be considered as itself the major target, will be forced urgently and be hit to tackle the circumstances of threatening. DoS attacks will be cheap for launching, rather than tough to stop them. "DDos 5,600 zealots will be blasted at once," as this was boasted by Anonymous on the Twitter, which will be taken down by websites of everybody from the Department of Justice and FBI to Picture Association of Motion for the America and the Industry of Recording Connection of the America Plan ahead. Preparation will be required for stopping the DDos attacks. "It requires doing all which can be used to boost availability and resiliency." Secure the potential bottlenecks. The survey in which 135 people data was used will be conducted by Radware with expertise of security of information --containing CIOs, managers of IT as well as the CISOs--observed that the bottlenecks which they have skilled incorporated the attack on server (for 30%), the pipeline of Internet (27%), thefirewall(24%), a prevention which is intrusion or system detection (8%), the SQL server (5%), or the balancer used for load (4%). Watch what is going to happen on network. If the preventionwhich will include infrastructure securing and ensuring that it will scale reasonably for handling sharp will be increased in the traffic of packetwill be the first step, second step will be monitoring the network actively. Look past huge attacks. Traditionally, most accepted sort of the attack of DDoS --and one of the majority used by the Anonymous-- been the flood of packet. Beware application-layer attacks. As per Radware's report, "it is greatly easier to identify and block the flood network attack--which will be used for sending the huge quantity of the inappropriate traffic like floods of UDP, TCP floods and SYN floods. Watch for the attacks which are blended. Identification can provide still trickier if the attackers will create targeting for more than one of the purpose at the time, possibly jointly with the package overflow. "Attackers will be frequently probable to unite together attacks of the package overflowing with the layer of application of DDoS, which will raise their success probability. Construct friends of upstream. Huge attacks canoverpower the major network of enterprise. "Employment very personally with the Service provider of Internet --or for the international. They will construct the associations and in advance the communication lines. Believe the countermeasures. As the validity of definite sort of the attack of the countermeasures is considered as an open question, as per Radware the network mechanism will be capable to automatically alleviate which will suspect the attacks of DDoS. Just for an example, it can noiselessly drop the packets questionable, or it will send the reply of TCP to the attacker which will advertises "where size of the window will be equals to 0," which states that for the time being, none of the new data will be acknowledged. Security stacks for TCP/IP: Stack of TCP/IP is the communication protocols set which is used for few others networks which are similar and Internet. TCP/IP surrounds 4 layers. Application Layer (process-to-process): This is range within which request will be created by user of data and it will communicate the data to additional applications or processes on same or another host. The partners of communications are frequently known as peers. This is somewhere the protocols of "higher level" like FTP, HTTP, SSH, SMTP, etc. operate. Transport Layer (host-to-host): The Layer of Transport comprises the networking command between hosts of two networks, either on network of local or on networks of remote estranged by the routers. The Layer of Transport gives an interface to uniform networking which will hides definite topology (layout) of connections with underlying network. Internet Layer (internetworking): The Layer of Internet has task of exchanging data grams athwart boundaries of network. It is consequently known to as layer which will found internetworking, certainly, it establishes and defines the Internet. This Internet layer describes the structures of routing and addressing used for protocol suite of TCP/IP. Link Layer: This Link layer describes the methods of networking within the range of network link which is local on which hosts will communicate without routers intervening. This Link layer defines the protocols which are used to define the network topology which is local and the boundary required to influence transmission of Layer of Internet datagrams to hosts the next-neighbor. Tor Bridging: Using the bridge which is helpful when it need to connect to network of Tor, still ISP is jamming the connections to called Tor communicates. Because overpass will not be planned in directory of Tor, ISP didnt identify their IPs and it cant jam them. ISP has access of blocking to network of Tor; we can motionless avoid the filters of ISPs by using the bridge of Tor. Primary we require finding bridges of Tor in sort to obtain the address of IP to which well attach. Find the bridge of Tor by appointing theBridgesof Tor in the browser of web; we can view that we got two relays of bridge, one on port 80 and the other on port 443: Bridge is 194.38.106.35:80 Bridge is 81.91.1.81:443 Use of the tools: The Multi-layered protection to defend websites alongside the frequency which is increasing, sophistication, and the scale of attacks. Site Defender Akamai's Kona extends the security of web beyond the center of data while maintaining the availability and site performance in face of the threats of fast-changing. It will leverage the power of Akamai Intelligent Platformto identify, detect, and alleviatethe Denial-of-Service (DoS), also the Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS), and some other attacks of application-layer before they will arrive at the origin. Key Benefits of Kona Site Defender: Protect applications of web and websites from DDoS and attacks of DoS with massive capacity and scale of Akamai's Intelligent Platform Preserve availability of website and its performance during the attacks of DDoS through Akamai's architecture of globally-distributed. Decrease the data risk which will be breach with the highly scalable and high-performance of the firewall of web application. Decrease the operational and capital costs which are associated with the security of web by leveraging the security service by Akamai's cloud. Acclimatize to the changing threat of landscape with the continuous rules of security which are updated and refined by the Intelligence team of Akamai's Threat. (Dark, 2014) Summary The denial of the service attacks intent is to deny legitimate users access to a resource such as a network, server etc. There are two types of attacks, denial of service and distributed denial of service. A denial of service attack can be carried out using SYN flooding, Ping of Death, Teardrop, Smurf or buffer overflow Security patches for operating systems, router configuration, firewalls and intrusion detection systems can be used to protect against denial of service attacks. References: 1. IT Professionals, 2014, IT Security Ethical Hacking, https://services.it.umich.edu/it-security-ethical-hacking2. Mathew, 2012, 10 Strategies To Fight Anonymous DDoS Attacks, https://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-and-threats/10-strategies-to-fight-anonymous-ddos-attacks/d/d-id/11026993. Prolexic, 2013, DDOS PREVENTION, https://www.prolexic.com/knowledge-center-ddos-prevention.html4. Cricket Liu, 2013, The ultimate guide to preventing DNS based ddos attack, https://www.infoworld.com/article/2612835/security/the-ultimate-guide-to-preventing-dns-based-ddos-attacks.html5. Victoria Roddel, 2012, Botnet, https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4fQxAwAAQBAJpg=PA148lpg=PA148dq=Ultimate+guide+to+DoS%28Denial+of+Service%29+Attackssource=blots=lehmBT-OCIsig=ilMl4S07vsb7vgQWyFerbUwk3cQhl=ensa=Xei=JXX9VPnLNIjp8gXa3IC4CQved=0CDUQ6AEwBA#v=onepageq=Ultimate%20guide%20to%20DoS(Denial%20of%20Service)%20Attacksf=false6. James, 2015, The Ultimate Guide to Protecting Your Site from a DDoS Attack, htt ps://growtraffic.com/blog/2015/01/ultimate-guide-protecting-site-ddos-attack7. theterribletrivium, 2014, How do major sites prevent DDoS?, https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/73369/how-do-major-sites-prevent-ddos8. Francis tan, 2011, DDoS attacks: Prevention and Mitigation, https://thenextweb.com/media/2011/05/02/ddos-attacks-prevention-and-mitigation/9. Ron Meyran, 2012, DDos Attack Myths: Does size really matter? https://blog.radware.com/security/2012/02/ddos-attacks-myths/10.Aleksey, 2013, 5 Strategies to Fight Anonymous DDoS Attacks, https://dailytipsndtricks.blogspot.in/2013/06/5-strategies-to-fight-anonymous-ddos.html11.Netsparker, 2014, Ping of Death, https://insecure.org/sploits/ping-o-death.html12.Cayman, 2012, Ping of Death, https://www.iss.net/security_center/advice/Intrusions/2000012/default.htm13.Stellios, 2009, The PING of Death and Other DoS Network Attacks, https://blog.pluralsight.com/ping-of-death-and-dos-attacks14.Matthew prince, 2012, How to Launch a 65G bps DDoS, and How to Stop One, https://blog.cloudflare.com/65gbps-ddos-no-problem/15.Mark Wilson, 2014, Want to launch your own DDoS attacks?, https://betanews.com/2014/12/31/want-to-launch-your-own-ddos-attacks-just-buy-them-from-lizard-squad/16.Donald, 2013, DNS DDoS Using DNS To Launch a DDoS Attacks, https://www.ddosattacks.biz/impact/three-dns-impacts-ddos-attacks-part-2/17.Dark, 2014, Akamai Upgrades Kona Site Defender WAF, https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/akamai-upgrades-kona-site-defender-waf/d/d-id/1141279?18.Stephanie, 2012, Akamai releases Web security monitoring platform Kona Site Defender, https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/2240118337/Akamai-releases-Web-security-monitoring-platform-Kona-Site-Defender19.Kona site, 2014, Kona Site Defender, https://www.akamai.com/html/solutions/site-defender.html20.Steve, 2015, Ethical Hacking and countermeasures to Become Certified, https://www.eccouncil.org/Certification/certified-ethical-hacker